July 18 In Swedish History

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  July 18, 1812, the Treaty of Örebro is signed, not at the castle, here depicted in an engraving from the early 18th century.

• July 18 In Swedish History
  1812: The Treaty of Örebro is signed after long negotiations, ending the two-year Anglo-Swedish War. During the Napoleonic Wars until 1810, Sweden and the United Kingdom were allies in the war against Napoleon. As a result of Sweden's defeat in the Finnish and Pomeranian wars, and following the Treaty of Fredrikshamn and Treaty of Paris, Sweden declared war on the United Kingdom.

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  The Treaty of Örebro, formally ending the Anglo-Swedish War (1810-1812). Above: The building in Örebro where the treaty was signed.

• The war, however, existed only on paper, and Britain was still officially allowed to station ships in the Swedish port of Hanö and trade with the Baltic nations. In fact, no acts of war occurred during the conflict. On November 13, 1810, France delivered an ultimatum to the Swedish government demanding that within five days Sweden: declare war against Great Britain, confiscate all British ships in Swedish ports and seize all British products in Sweden. France and its allies threatened to declare war against Sweden if Sweden did not meet the French demands. On November 17, the Swedish government thus declared war against Great Britain. The Anglo-Swedish alliance during which Britain ceded Guadeloupe for a brief period was in place a few months later, March 3, 1813. By the Treaty of Paris of 1814 Sweden then ceded Guadeloupe to France. No longer a colony it was made an "overseas region" of France in 1946.

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